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Motherboards are generally air cooled with heat sinks often mounted on larger chips such as the northbridge in modern motherboards. If the motherboard is not cooled properly then this can cause the motherboard to crash. Passive cooling or a single fan mounted on the power supply was sufficient for many desktop computer CPUs until the late s since then most have required CPU fans mounted on their heatsinks due to rising clock speeds and power consumption. Most motherboards have connectors for additional case fans as well. Newer motherboards have integrated temperature sensors to detect motherboard and CPU temperatures and controllable fan connectors which the BIOS or operating system can use to regulate fan speed. Some higherpowered computers which typically have highperformance processors and large amounts of RAM as well as highperformance video cards use a watercooling system instead of many fans.
Some small form factor computers and home theater PCs designed for quiet and energyefficient operation boast fanless designs. This typically requires the use of a lowpower CPU as well as careful layout of the motherboard and other components to allow for heat sink placement.A study found that some spurious computer crashes and general reliability issues ranging from screen image distortions to IO readwrite errors can be attributed not to software or peripheral hardware but to aging capacitors on PC motherboards. Ultimately this was shown to be the result of a faulty electrolyte formulation. For more information on premature capacitor failure on PC motherboards see capacitor plague.Motherboards use electrolytic capacitors to filter the DC power distributed around the board. These capacitors age at a temperaturedependent rate as their water based electrolytes slowly evaporate. This can lead to loss of capacitance and subsequent motherboard malfunctions due to voltage instabilities.
While most capacitors are rated for hours of operation at °C their expected design life roughly doubles for every °C below this. At °C a lifetime of years can be expected. This appears reasonable for a computer motherboard however many manufacturers have delivered substandard capacitorscitation needed which significantly reduce life expectancy. Inadequate case cooling and elevated temperatures easily exacerbate this problem. It is possible but tedious and timeconsuming to find and replace failed capacitors on PC motherboards it is less expensive to buy a new motherboard than to pay for such a repair.citation neededMotherboards are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes form factors some of which are specific to individual computer manufacturers. However the motherboards used in IBMcompatible commodity computers have been standardized to fit various case sizes.
Laptop computers generally use highly integrated miniaturized and customized motherboards. This is one of the reasons that laptop computers are difficult to upgrade and expensive to repair. Often the failure of one laptop component requires the replacement of the entire motherboard which is usually more expensive than a desktop motherboard due to the large number of integrated components. Almost all medium to high end Nvidia cards and most high end ATI cards support the technology.Prior to the advent of the microprocessor a computer was usually built in a cardcage case or mainframe with components connected by a backplane consisting of a set of slots themselves connected with wires in very old designs the wires were discrete connections between card connector pins but printedcircuit boards soon became the standard practice. The central processing unit memory and peripherals were housed on individual printed circuit boards which plugged into the backplane.
Article Source:- http://www.motherboas.webs.com/
Some small form factor computers and home theater PCs designed for quiet and energyefficient operation boast fanless designs. This typically requires the use of a lowpower CPU as well as careful layout of the motherboard and other components to allow for heat sink placement.A study found that some spurious computer crashes and general reliability issues ranging from screen image distortions to IO readwrite errors can be attributed not to software or peripheral hardware but to aging capacitors on PC motherboards. Ultimately this was shown to be the result of a faulty electrolyte formulation. For more information on premature capacitor failure on PC motherboards see capacitor plague.Motherboards use electrolytic capacitors to filter the DC power distributed around the board. These capacitors age at a temperaturedependent rate as their water based electrolytes slowly evaporate. This can lead to loss of capacitance and subsequent motherboard malfunctions due to voltage instabilities.
While most capacitors are rated for hours of operation at °C their expected design life roughly doubles for every °C below this. At °C a lifetime of years can be expected. This appears reasonable for a computer motherboard however many manufacturers have delivered substandard capacitorscitation needed which significantly reduce life expectancy. Inadequate case cooling and elevated temperatures easily exacerbate this problem. It is possible but tedious and timeconsuming to find and replace failed capacitors on PC motherboards it is less expensive to buy a new motherboard than to pay for such a repair.citation neededMotherboards are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes form factors some of which are specific to individual computer manufacturers. However the motherboards used in IBMcompatible commodity computers have been standardized to fit various case sizes.
Laptop computers generally use highly integrated miniaturized and customized motherboards. This is one of the reasons that laptop computers are difficult to upgrade and expensive to repair. Often the failure of one laptop component requires the replacement of the entire motherboard which is usually more expensive than a desktop motherboard due to the large number of integrated components. Almost all medium to high end Nvidia cards and most high end ATI cards support the technology.Prior to the advent of the microprocessor a computer was usually built in a cardcage case or mainframe with components connected by a backplane consisting of a set of slots themselves connected with wires in very old designs the wires were discrete connections between card connector pins but printedcircuit boards soon became the standard practice. The central processing unit memory and peripherals were housed on individual printed circuit boards which plugged into the backplane.
Article Source:- http://www.motherboas.webs.com/
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